Bei inzwischen mehreren Hundert Diagnosen für psychische Störungen sind die internationalen Klassifikationssysteme DSM und ICD mittlerweile angekommen – ist das noch durch irgendetwas gerechtfertigt? Und: Wofür sind Diagnosen bei psychischen Beeinträchtigungen überhaupt sinnvoll?

Tom Levold und Hans Lieb suchen im Gespräch nach Antworten.

Gerade zu Beginn einer Psychotherapie kann eine standardisierte Diagnostik mit dem Erkennen von Symptomen und der Nennung einer Diagnose hilfreich sein, insbesondere für die Psychotherapeuten selbst. Das gibt ihnen Sicherheit. Doch mit dem Fortschreiten der Therapie ist es ratsam, sich von den allzu einengenden Schablonen heutiger Diagnosen zu distanzieren und den Blick zu weiten, um den Klienten in seiner menschlichen Tiefe besser zu verstehen.

Tom Levold und Hans Lieb stehen der gängigen standardisierten Diagnostik mit Vorbehalten gegenüber, zumal so getan werde, als existierten psychische Erkrankungen »für sich« irgendwo. Das tun sie aber nicht, denn die Problemlagen der Klienten sind viel komplexer, als die Diagnosen es suggerieren, sodass die Vergabe einer Diagnose nichts anderes als eine Fremdbeobachtung ist, die oft wenig mit dem Erleben der Klienten zu tun hat. Zwar stehen Diagnosen stets im Raum, wenn es um psychische Erkrankungen geht, doch sie sollten mit kritischer Distanz reflektiert werden.

»Wir können nicht nicht diagnostizieren«, meint Hans Lieb. »Ja«, ergänzt Tom Levold, »aber wir dürfen menschlichen ›Sinn‹ nicht medizinisieren«.

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«Für welche Probleme sind Diagnosen eigentlich eine Lösung?», Tom Levold oxşar kitablar