Lex Fridman Podcast

Dave Smith is a comedian, libertarian, political commentator, and the host of Part of the Problem podcast.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep464-sc
See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
Dave's X: https://x.com/ComicDaveSmith
Dave's YouTube: https://youtube.com/DSmithcomic
Dave's Instagram: https://instagram.com/theproblemdavesmith
Dave's Website: https://comicdavesmith.com/
Part of the Problem Podcast: https://partoftheproblem.com/

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Call of Duty: First-person shooter video game.
Go to https://callofduty.com/warzone
Tax Network USA: Full-service tax firm.
Go to https://tnusa.com/lex
Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration.
Go to https://notion.com/lex
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to https://shopify.com/lex
BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling.
Go to https://betterhelp.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(00:10) - Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(09:32) - Libertarianism
(10:47) - Ron Paul
(13:59) - Military–industrial complex
(20:53) - War on Terror
(33:12) - China and Taiwan
(41:00) - Just war theory
(48:09) - Israel and Gaza
(1:05:35) - Douglas Murray
(1:13:29) - Hamas
(1:29:48) - Hitler and Stalin
(1:32:01) - Darryl Cooper
(1:41:13) - Antisemitism
(1:54:46) - World leaders
(2:07:21) - Jeffrey Epstein
(2:15:24) - Sam Harris
(2:28:07) - Ukraine and Russia
(2:47:32) - Joe Rogan
(3:00:01) - Conspiracy theories
(3:17:52) - Hope

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Douglas Murray is the author of On Democracies and Death Cults, The War on The West, and The Madness of Crowds.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep463-sc
See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
Douglas's X: https://x.com/DouglasKMurray
Douglas's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@douglasmurray
Douglas's Instagram: https://instagram.com/douglaskmurray
Douglas's Website: https://douglasmurray.net
On Democracies and Death Cults (book): https://amzn.to/4jahsxL
The War on the West (book): https://amzn.to/38L7B36

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Call of Duty: First-person shooter video game.
Go to https://callofduty.com/warzone
Oracle: Cloud infrastructure.
Go to https://oracle.com/lex
LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix.
Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex
AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drink.
Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(02:04) - Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(09:31) - War in Ukraine
(13:17) - Trump and Zelenskyy
(27:47) - Putin
(48:40) - Peace
(58:31) - Zelenskyy
(1:13:11) - Israel-Palestine
(1:23:57) - Hamas
(1:38:30) - Corruption
(1:41:40) - Gaza
(2:02:18) - Benjamin Netanyahu
(2:19:29) - Hate
(2:43:59) - Iran
(2:54:48) - Interview advice
(3:09:12) - War

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

SOCIAL LINKS:
- X: https://x.com/lexfridman
- Instagram: https://instagram.com/lexfridman
- TikTok: https://tiktok.com/@lexfridman
- LinkedIn: https://linkedin.com/in/lexfridman
- Facebook: https://facebook.com/lexfridman
- Patreon: https://patreon.com/lexfridman
- Telegram: https://t.me/lexfridman
- Reddit: https://reddit.com/r/lexfridman

Ezra Klein is one of the most influential voices representing the left-wing of American politics. He is a columnist for the NY Times and host of The Ezra Klein Show. Derek Thompson is a writer at The Atlantic and host of the Plain English podcast. Together they have written a new book titled Abundance that lays out a set of ideas for the future of the Democratic party.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep462-sc
See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

Transcript:
https://lexfridman.com/ezra-klein-and-derek-thompson-transcript

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
Abundance (new book): https://amzn.to/4iZ1S8J
Ezra's X: https://x.com/ezraklein/
Ezra's Instagram: https://instagram.com/ezraklein
Ezra's YouTube: https://youtube.com/EzraKleinShow
The New York Times: https://nytimes.com/by/ezra-klein
Derek's X: https://x.com/dkthomp
Plain English (podcast): https://www.theringer.com/podcasts/plain-english-with-derek-thompson
The Atlantic: https://theatlantic.com/author/derek-thompson/

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Call of Duty: First-person shooter video game.
Go to https://callofduty.com/warzone
LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix.
Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex
AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks.
Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to https://shopify.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(03:17) - Sponsors, Comments, and Reflections
(10:33) - Left-wing vs right-wing politics
(19:54) - Political leaders on the left and the right
(44:29) - Internal political divisions
(47:29) - AOC
(58:50) - Political realignment
(1:10:32) - Supply-side progressivism
(1:17:42) - Wealth redistribution
(1:27:50) - Housing problem
(1:44:09) - Regulation and deregulation
(2:00:43) - DOGE, Elon, and Trump
(2:59:46) - Sam Harris
(3:09:24) - Future of America

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

ThePrimeagen (aka Michael Paulson) is a programmer who has educated, entertained, and inspired millions of people to build software and have fun doing it.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep461-sc
See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
ThePrimeagen's X: https://twitter.com/ThePrimeagen
ThePrimeagen's YouTube: https://youtube.com/ThePrimeTimeagen
ThePrimeagen's Twitch: https://twitch.tv/ThePrimeagen
ThePrimeagen's GitHub: https://github.com/theprimeagen
ThePrimeagen's TikTok: https://tiktok.com/@theprimeagen
ThePrimeagen's Coffee: https://www.terminal.shop/

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Invideo AI: AI video generator.
Go to https://invideo.io/i/lexpod
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to https://shopify.com/lex
NetSuite: Business management software.
Go to http://netsuite.com/lex
BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling.
Go to https://betterhelp.com/lex
AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks.
Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:27) - Love for programming
(20:00) - Hardest part of programming
(22:16) - Types of programming
(29:54) - Life story
(39:58) - Hardship
(41:29) - High school
(47:15) - Porn addiction
(57:01) - God
(1:12:44) - Perseverance
(1:22:40) - Netflix
(1:35:08) - Groovy
(1:40:13) - Printf() debugging
(1:46:35) - Falcor
(1:56:05) - Breaking production
(1:58:49) - Pieter Levels
(2:03:19) - Netflix, Twitch, and YouTube infrastructure
(2:15:22) - ThePrimeagen origin story
(2:30:37) - Learning programming languages
(2:39:40) - Best programming languages in 2025
(2:44:35) - Python
(2:45:15) - HTML & CSS
(2:46:05) - Bash
(2:46:45) - FFmpeg
(2:53:28) - Performance
(2:56:00) - Rust
(3:00:48) - Epic projects
(3:14:12) - Asserts
(3:23:26) - ADHD
(3:31:34) - Productivity
(3:35:58) - Programming setup
(4:11:28) - Coffee
(4:18:32) - Programming with AI
(5:01:16) - Advice for young programmers
(5:12:48) - Reddit questions
(5:20:20) - God

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Narendra Modi is the Prime Minister of India. On YouTube this episode is available in English, Hindi, Russian (and soon other languages). Captions and voice-over audio tracks are provided (for the main episode video on YouTube) in English, Hindi, Russian, and the original mixed-language version, with subtitles available in your preferred language. To listen to the original mixed-language version, please select the Hindi (Latin) audio track. The default is English overdub.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep460-sc
See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

Transcript:
https://lexfridman.com/narendra-modi-transcript

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
Narendra Modi's X: https://x.com/narendramodi
Narendra Modi's Instagram: https://instagram.com/narendramodi
Narendra Modi's YouTube: https://youtube.com/narendramodi
Narendra Modi's Website: https://narendramodi.in/

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Brain.fm: Music for focus.
Go to https://brain.fm/lex
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to https://shopify.com/lex
MasterClass: Online classes from world-class experts.
Go to https://masterclass.com/lexpod
NetSuite: Business management software.
Go to http://netsuite.com/lex
AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks.
Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex
LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix.
Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(17:24) - Fasting
(29:42) - Early life
(41:38) - Advice to Young People
(47:20) - Journey in the Himalayas
(58:50) - Becoming a monk
(1:00:37) - RSS and Hindu nationalism
(1:08:22) - Explaining India
(1:12:32) - Mahatma Gandhi
(1:24:27) - Path to peace in Ukraine
(1:27:41) - India and Pakistan
(1:33:21) - Cricket and Football
(1:37:45) - Donald Trump
(1:48:56) - China and Xi Jinping
(1:56:01) - Gujarat riots in 2002
(2:11:37) - Biggest democracy in the world
(2:21:53) - Power
(2:26:39) - Hard work
(2:29:46) - Srinivasa Ramanujan
(2:31:53) - Decision-making process
(2:39:40) - AI
(2:49:55) - Education
(3:00:10) - Learning and focus
(3:06:01) - Mantra
(3:07:45) - Meditation
(3:13:43) - Lex visiting India
(3:18:08) - Siddhartha

Dylan Patel is the founder of SemiAnalysis, a research & analysis company specializing in semiconductors, GPUs, CPUs, and AI hardware. Nathan Lambert is a research scientist at the Allen Institute for AI (Ai2) and the author of a blog on AI called Interconnects.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep459-sc
See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
Dylan's X: https://x.com/dylan522p
SemiAnalysis: https://semianalysis.com/
Nathan's X: https://x.com/natolambert
Nathan's Blog: https://www.interconnects.ai/
Nathan's Podcast: https://www.interconnects.ai/podcast
Nathan's Website: https://www.natolambert.com/
Nathan's YouTube: https://youtube.com/@natolambert
Nathan's Book: https://rlhfbook.com/

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Invideo AI: AI video generator.
Go to https://invideo.io/i/lexpod
GitHub: Developer platform and AI code editor.
Go to https://gh.io/copilot
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to https://shopify.com/lex
NetSuite: Business management software.
Go to http://netsuite.com/lex
AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks.
Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(13:28) - DeepSeek-R1 and DeepSeek-V3
(35:02) - Low cost of training
(1:01:19) - DeepSeek compute cluster
(1:08:52) - Export controls on GPUs to China
(1:19:10) - AGI timeline
(1:28:35) - China's manufacturing capacity
(1:36:30) - Cold war with China
(1:41:00) - TSMC and Taiwan
(2:04:38) - Best GPUs for AI
(2:19:30) - Why DeepSeek is so cheap
(2:32:49) - Espionage
(2:41:52) - Censorship
(2:54:46) - Andrej Karpathy and magic of RL
(3:05:17) - OpenAI o3-mini vs DeepSeek r1
(3:24:25) - NVIDIA
(3:28:53) - GPU smuggling
(3:35:30) - DeepSeek training on OpenAI data
(3:45:59) - AI megaclusters
(4:21:21) - Who wins the race to AGI?
(4:31:34) - AI agents
(4:40:16) - Programming and AI
(4:47:43) - Open source
(4:56:55) - Stargate
(5:04:24) - Future of AI

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Marc Andreessen is an entrepreneur, investor, co-creator of Mosaic, co-founder of Netscape, and co-founder of the venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep458-sc
See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

Transcript:
https://lexfridman.com/marc-andreessen-2-transcript

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
Marc's X: https://x.com/pmarca
Marc's Substack: https://pmarca.substack.com
Marc's YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/@a16z
Andreessen Horowitz: https://a16z.com

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Encord: AI tooling for annotation & data management.
Go to https://encord.com/lex
GitHub: Developer platform and AI code editor.
Go to https://gh.io/copilot
Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration.
Go to https://notion.com/lex
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to https://shopify.com/lex
LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix.
Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(12:46) - Best possible future
(22:09) - History of Western Civilization
(31:28) - Trump in 2025
(39:09) - TDS in tech
(51:56) - Preference falsification
(1:07:52) - Self-censorship
(1:22:55) - Censorship
(1:31:34) - Jon Stewart
(1:34:20) - Mark Zuckerberg on Joe Rogan
(1:43:09) - Government pressure
(1:53:57) - Nature of power
(2:06:45) - Journalism
(2:12:20) - Bill Ackman
(2:17:17) - Trump administration
(2:24:56) - DOGE
(2:38:48) - H1B and immigration
(3:16:42) - Little tech
(3:29:02) - AI race
(3:37:52) - X
(3:41:24) - Yann LeCun
(3:44:59) - Andrew Huberman
(3:46:30) - Success
(3:49:26) - God and humanity

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Jennifer Burns is a historian of ideas, focusing on the evolution of economic, political, and social ideas in the United States in the 20th century. She wrote two biographies, one on Milton Friedman, and the other on Ayn Rand.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep457-sc
See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
Jennifer's X: https://x.com/profburns
Jennifer's Website: https://www.jenniferburns.org

Jennifer's Books:
Milton Friedman biography: https://amzn.to/4hfy1HO
Ayn Rand biography: https://amzn.to/4afr3A0

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Brain.fm: Music for focus.
Go to https://brain.fm/lex
GitHub: Developer platform and AI code editor.
Go to https://gh.io/copilot
LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix.
Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex
Shopify: Sell stuff online.
Go to https://shopify.com/lex
AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks.
Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(10:05) - Milton Friedman
(24:58) - The Great Depression
(39:15) - Schools of economic thought
(50:22) - Keynesian economics
(58:10) - Laissez-faire
(1:06:00) - Friedrich Hayek
(1:11:18) - Money and monetarism
(1:26:03) - Stagflation
(1:30:56) - Moral case for capitalism
(1:34:53) - Freedom
(1:39:51) - Ethics of competition
(1:43:37) - Win-win solutions
(1:45:26) - Corruption
(1:47:51) - Government intervention
(1:54:10) - Conservatism
(2:00:33) - Donald Trump
(2:03:09) - Inflation
(2:07:38) - DOGE
(2:12:58) - Javier Milei
(2:18:03) - Richard Nixon
(2:25:17) - Ronald Reagan
(2:28:24) - Cryptocurrency
(2:43:40) - Ayn Rand
(2:51:18) - The Fountainhead
(3:02:58) - Sex and power dynamics
(3:19:04) - Evolution of ideas in history
(3:26:32) - Postmodernism
(3:37:33) - Advice to students
(3:45:50) - Lex reflects on Volodymyr Zelenskyy interview

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips

Volodymyr Zelenskyy is the President of Ukraine. On YouTube this episode is available in English, Ukrainian, and Russian. Captions and voice-over audio tracks are provided in English, Ukrainian, Russian, and the original mixed-language version, with subtitles available in your preferred language. To listen to the original mixed language version, please select the English (UK) audio track audio track. The default is English overdub.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep456-sc
See below for timestamps, transcript, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

Transcript:
https://lexfridman.com/volodymyr-zelenskyy-transcript

CONTACT LEX:
Feedback - give feedback to Lex: https://lexfridman.com/survey
AMA - submit questions, videos or call-in: https://lexfridman.com/ama
Hiring - join our team: https://lexfridman.com/hiring
Other - other ways to get in touch: https://lexfridman.com/contact

EPISODE LINKS:
President Zelenskyy's X: https://x.com/ZelenskyyUa
President Zelenskyy's Instagram: https://instagram.com/zelenskyy_official
President Zelenskyy's Website: https://www.president.gov.ua/

SPONSORS:
To support this podcast, check out our sponsors & get discounts:
Notion: Note-taking and team collaboration.
Go to https://notion.com/lex
GitHub: Developer platform and AI code editor.
Go to https://gh.io/copilot
AG1: All-in-one daily nutrition drinks.
Go to https://drinkag1.com/lex
LMNT: Zero-sugar electrolyte drink mix.
Go to https://drinkLMNT.com/lex
Eight Sleep: Temp-controlled smart mattress cover.
Go to https://eightsleep.com/lex
BetterHelp: Online therapy and counseling.
Go to https://betterhelp.com/lex

OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(20:17) - Language
(30:06) - World War II
(46:54) - Invasion on Feb 24, 2022
(53:30) - Negotiating Peace
(1:13:47) - NATO and security guarantees
(1:26:39) - Sitting down with Putin and Trump
(1:46:09) - Compromise and leverage
(1:51:38) - Putin and Russia
(2:01:30) - Donald Trump
(2:12:01) - Martial Law and Elections
(2:24:21) - Corruption
(2:33:06) - Elon Musk
(2:37:10) - Trump Inauguration on Jan 20
(2:40:18) - Power dynamics in Ukraine
(2:43:50) - Future of Ukraine
(2:48:32) - Choice of language
(2:58:02) - Podcast prep and research process
(3:06:27) - Travel and setup
(3:12:13) - Conclusion

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
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Adam Frank is an astrophysicist studying star systems and the search for extraterrestrial life and alien civilizations.
Thank you for listening Check out our sponsors: https://lexfridman.com/sponsors/ep455-sc
See below for timestamps, and to give feedback, submit questions, contact Lex, etc.

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EPISODE LINKS:
Adam's Website: https://adamfrankscience.com
Adam's X: https://x.com/adamfrank4
Adam's Instagram: https://instagram.com/adamfrankscience
Adam's Books:
The Little Book of Aliens: https://amzn.to/3OTX1rP
Light of the Stars: https://amzn.to/4iMKC6C
The Blind Spot: https://amzn.to/4gOCe4K
The Constant Fire: https://amzn.to/3ZVnxX4

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OUTLINE:
(00:00) - Introduction
(14:22) - Planet formation
(19:32) - Plate tectonics
(26:54) - Extinction events
(31:04) - Biosphere
(34:02) - Technosphere
(38:17) - Emergence of intelligence
(44:29) - Drake equation
(48:43) - Exoplanets
(51:28) - Habitable zones
(54:30) - Fermi Paradox
(1:03:28) - Alien civilizations
(1:12:55) - Colonizing Mars
(1:25:11) - Search for aliens
(1:41:37) - Alien megastructures
(1:47:43) - Kardashev scale
(1:52:56) - Detecting aliens
(1:59:38) - Warp drives
(2:05:45) - Cryogenics
(2:09:03) - What aliens look like
(2:17:48) - Alien contact
(2:28:53) - UFO sightings
(2:40:38) - Physics of life
(3:06:29) - Nature of time
(3:22:53) - Cognition
(3:27:16) - Mortality

PODCAST LINKS:
- Podcast Website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast
- Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr
- Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8
- RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/
- Podcast Playlist: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLrAXtmErZgOdP_8GztsuKi9nrraNbKKp4
- Clips Channel: https://www.youtube.com/lexclips